Researchers aren’t certain what could be the cause of the lowered dementia risk, so more research needs to be done to find out if cheese has certain protective characteristics for the brain.

Aliza Marogy, registered nutritional therapist and founder of supplement provider, Inessa tells Stylist: “Several mechanisms may be responsible for the findings. During fermentation, cheese develops bioactive compounds that are lacking in milk. Researchers have found specific fatty acid amides that occur in some cheeses during ripening support BDNF (Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor) production. BDNF is a protein that is essential for memory function.”

We know that aged cheeses are also naturally rich in vitamin K, which plays an important role in maintaining blood vessel health too. “Given that the study showed the strongest protection against vascular dementia, this element seems particularly meaningful,” Marogy says. She adds that full-fat cheese contains milk fat globule membrane, which has also been shown to have neuroprotective properties (contributing to brain health).

Cheese also contains other beneficial nutrients, Marogy says. “Cheese is a good source of protein and calcium (depending on the cheese). High protein cheeses, such as Parmesan, Emmental and gruyere, can help to build muscle and keep you fuller for longer, whilst the high calcium content is great for bone strength, and may help reduce the risk of osteoporosis as we age.”

Aged cheeses, such as cheddar, Swiss and cottage cheese also contain probiotic cultures which could also improve diversity of your gut microbiome. “And vitamin K occurs in cheese as a result of the natural fermentation process which is a key nutrient requirement for good heart health,” Marogy adds.

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